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Appendix I Glossary - 14044_303
Appendix I, Continued - 14044_305

Builder 3&2 Volume 02 - Construction manual for building structures
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E J EAVE—The part of a roof projecting over the sidewall. EFFLORESCENCE—A   white   powdery   substance forming  on  masonry  surfaces.  It  is  caused  by calcium carbide in the mortar. END-BEARING  PILE—A  bearing  pile  deriving practically  all  its  support  from  firm  underlying stratum. ESSEX BOARD MEASURE—A method for rapidly calculating board feet. F FASCIA—The  flat  outside  horizontal  member  of  a cornice placed in a vertical position. FERROUS—Any  metal  containing  a  high  percentage of  iron. FOOTING—An enlargement at the lower end of a wall to distribute the load. FURRING—Any  extra  material  added  to  another piece or member to bring an uneven surface to a true plane and to provide additional nailing surface. G GAIN—An area removed by chiseling where hinges and locks can be mounted flush with a surface. GIRDER—A supporting beam laid crosswise to the building; a long tress. GIRT—A  horizontal  brace;  used  on  outside  walls covered with vertical siding. GLAZE—The  process  of  installing  glass  panes  in window  frames  and  doorframes  and  applying  putty to hold the glass in position. GROIN—A  bulkhead,  generally  made  of  piling,  built out   from   the   shoreline   perpendicular   to   the direction of the current or drift to cut off and prevent the carrying of beach materials along the shore. GUSSET—A  plate  connecting  members  of  a  truss together. H HYDRATION—The   chemical   reaction   between cement and water causing the cement paste to harden and to bind the aggregates together to form mortar  or  concrete. JETTING—A  method  of  forcing  water  around  and under  a  pile  to  displace  and  lubricate  the surrounding  soil. JETTY—A term designating various types of small wharf structures, such as a small boat jetty or a refueling  jetty.  In  harbor—protection  works,  a  rock mound or other structure extending into a body of water to direct and confine the stream or tidal flow to  a  selected  channel. JOIST—Heavy   pieces   of   lumber   laid   on   edge horizontally  to  form  the  floor  and  ceiling  support system. L LINTEL—A  support  beam  placed  over  an  opening  in a wall. M MILLWORK—In woodworking, any material that has been machined, finished, and partly assembled at the mill. MITER—A butt joint of two members at equal angles. MOLE—A  massive  stone  or  masonry  breakwater constructed  of  concrete  or  steel  sheet  pile  and constructed on the inner side of a jetty for unloading and  loading  ships. MULLION—The  division  between  multiple  windows or  screens. MUNTIN—The small members dividing glass panes in a window frame; vertical separators between panels in a panel door. P PARAPET—7he  part  of  a  wall  above  the  roof  line. PEB—Preengineered   building. PIGMENT—An  insoluble  coloring  substance,  usually in powder form, mixed with oil or water to color paints. PILE—Load—bearing  member  made  of  timber,  steel, concrete,  or  a  combination  of  these  materials; usually forced into the ground. AI—2







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