Table 3-1.-Common Woods - continued
| TYPES | SOURCES | USES | CHARACTERISTICS |
| BUTTERNUT Southern Canada, Minnesota, eastern U.S. as far south as Alabama and Florida | Toys, altars, woodenware, millwork, interior trim, furniture, boats, scientific instruments | Very much like walnut in color but softer, not so soft as white pine and basswood, easy to work, coarse grained, fairly strong | |
| DOUGLAS FIR | Pacific coast and British Columbia | Deck planking on large ships, shores, strongbacks, plugs, filling pieces and bulkheads of small boats, building construction, dimension timber, plywood | Excellent structural lumber, strong, easy to work, clear straight grained, soft but brittle. Heartwood is durable in contact with ground, best structural timber of northwest |
| ELM | States east of Colorado | Agricultural implements, wheel-stock, boats, furniture, crossties, posts, poles | Slippery, heavy, hard, tough, durable, difficult to split, not resistant to decay |
| HICKORY | Arkansas, Tennessee, Ohio, and Kentucky | Tools, handles, wagon stock, hoops, baskets, vehicles, wagon spokes | Very heavy, hard, stronger and tougher than other native woods, but checks, shrinks, difficult to work, subject to decay and insect attack |
| MAPLE | All states east of Colorado and Southern Canada | Excellent furniture, highgrade floors, tool handles, ship construction, crossties, counter tops, bowling pins | Fine grained, grain often curly or “Birds’s Eyes,” heavy, tough, hard, strong, rather easy to work, but not durable. Heartwood is light brown, sap wood is nearly white |
| LIVE OAK | Southern Atlantic and gulf coasts of U. S., Oregon, and California | Implements, wagons, ship building | Very heavy, hard, tough, strong, durable, difficult to work, light brown or yellow sap wood nearly white |
| MAHOGANY | Honduras, Mexico, Central America, Florida, West Indies, Central Africa, and other tropical sections | Furniture, boats, decks, fixtures, interior trim in expensive homes, musical instruments | Brown to red color, one of most useful of cabinet woods, hard, durable, does not split badly, open grained, takes beautiful finish when grain is filled but checks, swells, shrinks, warps slightly |
| NORWAY PINE | States bordering Great Lakes | Dimension timber, masts, spars, piling, interior trim | Light, fairly hard, strong, not durable in contact with ground |