as shown in figure 3-14. A semicircular opening is sawed in the edge of the straightedge to accommodate the spindle and the cutters. Whenever possible, a guard of the type shown in the figure should be placed over the spindle.

For shaping curved edges, there are usually a couple of holes in the table, one on either side of the spindle, in which vertical starter pins can be inserted. When a curved edge is being shaped, the piece is guided by and steadied against the starter pin and the ball bearing collar on the spindle. When operating a shaper, observe the following safety precautions:

Like the jointer and surfacer, the shaper cuts toward the infeed side of the spindle, which is against the rotation of the spindle. Therefore, stock should be placed with the grain running toward the infeed side.

Make sure the cutters are sharp and well secured.

If curved or irregularly shaped edges are to be shaped, place the stock in position and make sure the collar will rub against the part of the edge, which should not be removed.

Whenever the straight fence cannot be always use a starting pin in the table top. used,

Never make extremely deep cuts.

Make sure the shaper cutters rotate toward the work.

Whenever possible, always use a guard, pressure bar, hold-down, or holding jig.

If possible, place the cutter on the shaper spindle so that the cutting will be done on the lower side of the stock.

Do not attempt to shape small pieces of wood.

Check all adjustments before turning on the power.

SAFETY NOTE

The spindle shaper is one of the most dangerous machines used in the shop. Use extreme caution at all times.

PORTABLE HAND TOOLS

In addition to using power shop tools, you will be required to operate different types of portable hand tools in the field. You therefore need to understand the safety precautions associated with these.

Figure 3-14. - Shaper table showing straightedge fence and guard.