provided around the entire area used for this purpose, whether in a separate room or in the same room with other equipment.

MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS

The maintenance operations described below apply to all gaseous chlorinators, regardless of type. Some preventive maintenance practices are funda- mentally a part of normal equipment operations. Follow these precautions.

When connecting chlorine valves or tubes to cylinders or equipment, use a new lead gasket each time, and use only one gasket in each connection.

Guard against condensation on chlorine cylinder walls by maintaining proper ventilation around the equipment. Condensation may corrode scales or other equipment. An electric fan may be enough to keep the equipment dry.

CAUTION

Do not use direct heat to dry cylinder surfaces.

Chlorinators and all piping should be inspected daily for leaks. For chlorine leak detection, an opened bottle of aqua ammonia (or an aspirator-type bottle) should be used near all joints, valves, and piping. White fumes indicate chlorine leaks. Repair immediately, no matter how small, as they will increase in size and cause corrosion and damage which may become extensive. (Keep the ammonia bottle tightly closed when not in use.)

In addition to leak inspection, all parts and piping in contact with chlorine gas should be inspected daily to ensure that operations are satisfactory. This includes metering devices, valves, tubing, and so on, which should be disassembled and cleaned where necessary; the source of trouble should be determined; and faulty parts should be replaced at the first indication of weakening.

CAUTION

Tools should not be used on hard-rubber parts, except a strap wrench, if necessary; threaded, hard-rubber parts should be hand tightened.

Operation of the relief line should be checked daily; it should be open and contain no obstructions, such as wasp's nests.

The maintenance operation frequency and schedule of inspections for chlorination equipment are shown in appendix III, table A. In this and other tables used throughout the remainder of this chapter, note that the frequencies shown are suggested frequencies and may be changed by the local command, as individual installation conditions call for. The frequency code used in tables presented in our discussion is as follows:

D - daily

W - weekly

M - monthly

Q - quarterly

SA - semiannually

A - annually

V - variable, as conditions may indicate

Q1. Chlorinators can be classified in two different ways. What are they?

Q2. In a semiautomatic type chlorinator, equipment starts and stops automatically with the water flow; however, the rate of waterflow is adjusted in what manner?

Q3. Hypochlorinators are sometimes used as standby equipment for what type of chlorinators?

Q4. How often should chlorinators and piping be checked for leaks?

MAINTENANCE OF CHEMICAL FEEDERS

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Identify and understand basic maintenance guidelines for chemical feeders.

DRY CHEMICAL FEEDERS

The instructions given apply to all types of volummetric and gravimetric dry feeders, including disk, oscillating, rotary gate, belt-type, screw, and loss-in-weight.