with a concrete saw, ensure the pipe is on a solid base when cutting to avoid binding the saw. Also, use plenty of water to keep the blade cool. Never attempt to cut concrete pipe without proper personal safety equipment. Smaller sizes without reinforcement can be scored with a chisel, or "snap cut" like vitrified clay pipe. On larger sizes of pipe, 10 inches and above, cutting of the pipe is not practicable. Larger pipe is used in applications where cutting is not required.

JOINING. - Eight different types of joints for concrete pipe are available. The most common joint is the "slip joint". This kind of concrete pipe joint is similar to the cement-asbestos pipe connection, except a coupling is not used. There is a groove on the spigot end where a rubber gasket ring is placed. This gasket is compressed into the groove by the bell of the connecting pipe as they are pushed together, forming a watertight seal. On pipe 10 inches in diameter and greater, cement mortar is placed in the spaces between the ends of the pipe on the outside; also inside, if the pipe diameter is large enough for access.

PVC-Class Water Pipe

PVC-class water pipe is used for construction projects around the world. It is lightweight compared to iron pipe, and it can also be cut easily and beveled with cement-asbestos tools. Most importantly, PVC- class water pipe can be joined together easily.

When installing this type of pipe, ensure the bell end, the plain end, and the gasket are free of dirt and debris. Usually, the company supplying the pipe also supplies a lubricant to facilitate the sliding of pipes together. When backfilling, ensure there are no rocks or other hard debris in the backfill material, as they could, over a period of time, puncture the pipe.

One of the best reasons for using PVC pipe in a water main is the ease with which it can be tapped. A variety of adapters and valves are also readily available in the naval supply system.

Q20. For water service applications, cast-iron soil pipe comes in what lengths?

Q21. Water pipes should be layed a minimum of how many feet above and away from sewer lines?

Q22. In water service, what type of copperpipe should be used for aboveground general applications?

Q23. What type of copper pipe comes in only 20-foot hand-drawn lengths?

Q24. There is a total of how many different methods of measuring pipe?

Q25. What is the end-to-center method of measuring pipe?

Q26. It is important to clean all the flux from a soldered copper pipe joint for which of the following reasons?

Q27. Black iron pipe should be used for what type of piping systems?

Q28. Because of the strength of ductile iron, you only have to remove rocks and boulders of what size from backfill material?

Q29. Joining of concrete pipe is similar to joining of what other type of pipe?