5. - METALS. Includes such items as structural steel, open-web steel joists, metal stud and joist systems, ornamental metal work, grills, and louvers.

6. - WOOD AND PLASTICS. Includes wood and wood framing, rough and finish carpentry, foamed plastics, fiber-glass reinforced plastics, and laminated plastics.

7. - THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION. Includes such items as waterproofing, dampproofing, insulation, roofing materials, sheet metal and flashing, caulking, and sealants.

8. - DOORS AND WINDOWS. Includes doors, windows, finish hardware, glass and glazing, storefront systems, and similar items.

9. - FINISHES. Includes floor and wall coverings, painting, lathe, plaster, and tile.

10. - SPECIALTIES. Includes prefabricated products and devices, such as chalkboards, movable partitions, fire-fighting devices, flagpoles, signs, and similar items.

11. - EQUIPMENT. Includes such items as medical equipment, laboratory equipment, food service equipment, kitchen and bath cabinetwork, and counter tops.

12. - FURNISHINGS. Includes prefabricated cabinets, blinds, drapery, carpeting, furniture, and seating.

13. - SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION. Includes prefabricated structures, integrated ceiling systems, and swimming pools.

14. - CONVEYING SYSTEMS. Includes dumbwaiters, elevators, moving stairs, material- handling systems, and other similar conveying systems.

15. - MECHANICAL. Includes plumbing, heating, air conditioning, fire-protection systems, and refrigeration systems.

16. - ELECTRICAL. Includes electrical service and distribution systems, electrical power equipment, electric heating and cooling systems, lighting, telephone systems, and other electrical items.

17. - EXPEDITIONARY STRUCTURES. Include tension fabric structures, K-span buildings, and other similar items.

Not all of the specification divisions are required for every construction project. Divisions that are not required for a construction project are normally omitted. Sections under one of these general categories generally begin with GENERAL REQUIREMENTS for that category and continue with the SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS. An example of a section of Division 15 (MECHANICAL) follows.

In studying the guide specifications for plumbing which follow, study the drawing shown in figure 1-16, keeping in mind that these specifications are for this project and are listed as samples.

DIVISION 15. MECHANICAL

Section 15. 1a- Plumbing

15. 1a-01. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. The work consists of a complete plumbing system, including the sanitary soil, waste, and vent piping; cold- and hot- water supply piping, water meter (if required), plumbing fixtures, hot-water heater, and other appurtenances. The system must be inspected, tested, and approved by local governing plumbing codes before burying, concealing, or covering the various piping systems. Each system must be complete and ready for operation except as specified or indicated otherwise.

15. 1a-02. SANITARY SEWER, BELOW-GROUND level, must be of extra-heavy cast-iron soil piping and fittings of the bell-and-spigot type, extending 3 to 5 feet beyond the foundation wall and graded not less than 1/8 inch per foot. The joint will be made from a good grade of twisted oakum uniformly and well-tamped into the joint and with a l-inch depth of hot poured lead, made in one pouring, and caulked tight. All horizontal soil connections to the system must be accomplished by Y-fittings or combination Y and 1/8 bends. All changes in direction greater than a 1/8 bend must be of the long sweep pattern. Lines