applied. If staining is not warranted, natural
(uncolored) filler is applied directly to the bare wood.
The filler may be colored with some of the stain to
accentuate the grain pattern of the wood.
To apply, you first thin the filler with mineral
spirits to a creamy consistency, then liberally brush it
across the grain, followed by a light brushing along
the grain. Allow it to stand 5 to 10 minutes until most
of the thinner has evaporated. At this time, the finish
will have lost its glossy appearance. Before it has a
chance to set and harden, wipe the filler off across the
grain using burlap or other coarse cloth, rubbing the
filler into the pores of the wood while removing the
excess. Finish by stroking along the grain with clean
rags. All excess filler must be removed.
Knowing when to start wiping is important. Wipng
too soon pulls the filler out of the pores. Allowing the
filler to set too long makes it hard to wipe off. A simple
test for dryness consists of rubbing a finger across the
surface. If a ball is formed, it’s time to wipe. If the filler
slips under the pressure of the finger, it is still too wet
for wiping. Allow the filler to dry for 24 hours before
applying finish coats.
Masonry
Masonry fillers are applied by brush to bare and
previously prepared (all loose, powdery, flaking
material removed) rough concrete, concrete block,
stucco, or other masonry surfaces. The purpose is to
fill the open pores in the surface, producing a fairly
smooth finish. If the voids on the surface are large, you
should apply two coats of filler, rather than one heavy
coat. This avoids mud cracking. Allow 1 to 2 hours
drying time between coats. Allow the final coat to dry
24 hours before painting.
PAINT MIXING AND CONDITIONING
LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Upon completing
this section, you should be able to describe the
techniques used in mixing and applying paint.
Most paints used in the Navy are ready-mixed,
meaning the ingredients are already combined in the
proper proportions. When oil paint is left in storage
for long periods of time, the pigments settle to the
bottom. These must be remixed into the vehicle before
the paint is used. The paint is then strained, if
necessary. All paint should be placed in the paint shop
at least 24 hours before use. This is to bring the paint
to a temperature between 65°F and 85°F.
There are three main reasons to condition and mix
paint. First, you need to redisperse, or reblend, settled
pigment with the vehicle. Second, lumps, skins, or
other impediments to proper application need to be
Table 8-3.—Mixing Procedures
8-8
