applied. If staining is not warranted, natural(uncolored) filler is applied directly to the bare wood.The filler may be colored with some of the stain toaccentuate the grain pattern of the wood.To apply, you first thin the filler with mineralspirits to a creamy consistency, then liberally brush itacross the grain, followed by a light brushing alongthe grain. Allow it to stand 5 to 10 minutes until mostof the thinner has evaporated. At this time, the finishwill have lost its glossy appearance. Before it has achance to set and harden, wipe the filler off across thegrain using burlap or other coarse cloth, rubbing thefiller into the pores of the wood while removing theexcess. Finish by stroking along the grain with cleanrags. All excess filler must be removed.Knowing when to start wiping is important. Wipngtoo soon pulls the filler out of the pores. Allowing thefiller to set too long makes it hard to wipe off. A simpletest for dryness consists of rubbing a finger across thesurface. If a ball is formed, it’s time to wipe. If the fillerslips under the pressure of the finger, it is still too wetfor wiping. Allow the filler to dry for 24 hours beforeapplying finish coats.MasonryMasonry fillers are applied by brush to bare andpreviously prepared (all loose, powdery, flakingmaterial removed) rough concrete, concrete block,stucco, or other masonry surfaces. The purpose is tofill the open pores in the surface, producing a fairlysmooth finish. If the voids on the surface are large, youshould apply two coats of filler, rather than one heavycoat. This avoids mud cracking. Allow 1 to 2 hoursdrying time between coats. Allow the final coat to dry24 hours before painting.PAINT MIXING AND CONDITIONINGLEARNING OBJECTIVE: Upon completingthis section, you should be able to describe thetechniques used in mixing and applying paint.Most paints used in the Navy are ready-mixed,meaning the ingredients are already combined in theproper proportions. When oil paint is left in storagefor long periods of time, the pigments settle to thebottom. These must be remixed into the vehicle beforethe paint is used. The paint is then strained, ifnecessary. All paint should be placed in the paint shopat least 24 hours before use. This is to bring the paintto a temperature between 65°F and 85°F.There are three main reasons to condition and mixpaint. First, you need to redisperse, or reblend, settledpigment with the vehicle. Second, lumps, skins, orother impediments to proper application need to beTable 8-3.—Mixing Procedures8-8
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