Table 2-1.-Recommended Schedule for Nailing the Framing and Sheathing of a Wood-Frame Structure—Continuedsize nails used in roof framing erection. Each crew-top edge of the jack should contact the centerline of themember on the scaffold then end-nails the ridge to theend of the rafter. They then toenail the other rafter to theridge and to the first rafter with two 10d nails, one oneach side of the rafter.Temporary braces, like those for a wall, should beset up at the ridge ends to hold the rafter approximatelyplumb, after which the rafters between the end raftersshould be erected. The braces should then be released,and the pair of rafters at one end should be plumbed witha plumb line, fastened to a stick extended from the endof the ridge. The braces should then be reset, and theyshould be left in place until enough sheathing has beeninstalled to hold the rafters plumb. Collar ties, if any, arenailed to common rafters with 8d nails, three to each endof a tie. Ceiling-joist ends are nailed to adjacent rafterswith 10d nails.On a hip roof, the ridge-end common rafters andridges are erected first, in about the same manner as fora gable roof. The intermediate common rafters are thenfilled in. After that, the ridge-end common raftersextending from the ridge ends to the midpoints on theend walls are erected. The hip rafters and hip jacks areinstalled next. The common rafters in a hip roof do notrequire plumbing. When correctly cut and installed, hiprafters will bring the common rafters to plumb. Hiprafters are toe nailed to plate comers with 10d nails. Hipjacks are toe nailed to hip rafters with 10d nails.For an addition or dormer, the valley rafters areusually erected first. Valley rafters are toe nailed with10d nails. Ridges and ridge-end common rafters areerected next, other addition common rafters next, andvalley and cripple jacks last. A valley jack should be heldin position for nailing, as shown in figure 2-61. Whenproperly nailed, the end of a straightedge laid along thevalley rafter, as shown.TRUSSESLEARNING OBJECTIVE: Upon completingthis section, you should be able to describe thetypes and parts of roof trusses, and explainprocedures for fabricating, handling, anderecting them.Roof truss members are usually connected at thejoints by gussets. Gussets are made of boards, plywood,or metal. They are fastened to the truss by nails, screws,bolts, or adhesives. A roof truss is capable of supportingloads over a long span without intermediate supports.Figure 2-61.-Correct position for nailing a valley jack rafter.2-38
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