Figure 7-7. - Stirrup and column ties.

Figure 7-9. - Column steel in place.

Figure 7-8. - Steel in place in a beam

than 1 inch (25.4 mm) (No. 9, No. 10, and No. 11 bar), the minimum pin diameter should be eight times the bar size. For No. 14 through No. 18, the pin diameter should be ten times the diameter of the bar.

To get smooth, sharp bends when bending large rods, slip a pipe cheater over the rod. This piece of pipe gives you a better hold on the rod itself and makes the whole operation smoother. You can heat No. 9 bars and larger to a cherry red before bending them, but make sure you do not get them any hotter. If the steel becomes too hot, it will lose strength, become brittle, and can even crack.

Figure 7-10. - Bending tool.

Bend Diameters

If you do not want your rod to crack while it is being bent, bend it gradually, not with a jerk. Also, do not make your bends too sharp. Bends made on a bar-bending table or block are usually too sharp, and the bar is somewhat weakened. Therefore, certain