Knots, bends, and hitches are made from three fundamental elements: a bight, a loop, and a round turn. Observe figure 4-8 closely and you should experience no difficulty in making these three elements. Note that the free or working end of a line is known as the RUNNING END. The remainder of the line is called the STANDING PART.

NOTE: A good knot is one that is tied rapidly, holds fast when pulled tight, and is untied easily. In addition to the knots, bends, and hitches described in the following paragraphs, you may have need of others in steelworking. When you understand how to make those covered in this chapter, you should find it fairly easy to learn the procedure for other types.

Overhand Knot

The OVERHAND KNOT is considered the simplest of all knots to make. To tie this knot, pass the hose end of a line over the standing part and through the loop that has been formed. Figure 4-9 shows you what it looks like. The overhand knot is often used as a part of another knot. At times, it may also be used to keep the end of a line from untwisting or to form a knob at the end of a line.

Figure 4-8. - Elements of knots, bends, and hitches