E
J
EAVE—The part of a roof projecting over the sidewall.
EFFLORESCENCE—A white powdery substance
forming on masonry surfaces. It is caused by
calcium carbide in the mortar.
END-BEARING PILE—A bearing pile deriving
practically all its support from firm underlying
stratum.
ESSEX BOARD MEASURE—A method for rapidly
calculating board feet.
F
FASCIA—The flat outside horizontal member of a
cornice placed in a vertical position.
FERROUS—Any metal containing a high percentage
of iron.
FOOTING—An enlargement at the lower end of a wall
to distribute the load.
FURRING—Any extra material added to another
piece or member to bring an uneven surface to a true
plane and to provide additional nailing surface.
G
GAIN—An area removed by chiseling where hinges
and locks can be mounted flush with a surface.
GIRDER—A supporting beam laid crosswise to the
building; a long tress.
GIRT—A horizontal brace; used on outside walls
covered with vertical siding.
GLAZE—The process of installing glass panes in
window frames and doorframes and applying putty
to hold the glass in position.
GROIN—A bulkhead, generally made of piling, built
out from the shoreline perpendicular to the
direction of the current or drift to cut off and prevent
the carrying of beach materials along the shore.
GUSSET—A plate connecting members of a truss
together.
H
HYDRATION—The chemical reaction between
cement and water causing the cement paste to
harden and to bind the aggregates together to form
mortar or concrete.
JETTING—A method of forcing water around and
under a pile to displace and lubricate the
surrounding soil.
JETTY—A term designating various types of small
wharf structures, such as a small boat jetty or a
refueling jetty. In harbor—protection works, a rock
mound or other structure extending into a body of
water to direct and confine the stream or tidal flow
to a selected channel.
JOIST—Heavy pieces of lumber laid on edge
horizontally to form the floor and ceiling support
system.
L
LINTEL—A support beam placed over an opening in
a wall.
M
MILLWORK—In woodworking, any material that has
been machined, finished, and partly assembled at
the mill.
MITER—A butt joint of two members at equal angles.
MOLE—A massive stone or masonry breakwater
constructed of concrete or steel sheet pile and
constructed on the inner side of a jetty for unloading
and loading ships.
MULLION—The division between multiple windows
or screens.
MUNTIN—The small members dividing glass panes
in a window frame; vertical separators between
panels in a panel door.
P
PARAPET—7he part of a wall above the roof line.
PEB—Preengineered building.
PIGMENT—An insoluble coloring substance, usually
in powder form, mixed with oil or water to color
paints.
PILE—Load—bearing member made of timber, steel,
concrete, or a combination of these materials;
usually forced into the ground.
AI—2
